Variable condenser



Filed Nov. 30. 1932 Patented at. 27. 1934 1,949,137

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE VARIABLE CONDENSER John J. Aurynger, Takoma Park, Md.

Application November 30, 1932 I Serial No. 645,076

4 Claims. (Cl. 175-415) The invention comprises a manually operated plate with the ground, thus giving a charge to the spacing device the object of which is two-fold: plate opposite in sign to the antenna current in First, a positively charged section of a polyeach section of the polycondenser. This is a condenser is placed alongside anegatively charged conclusive proof that it is the same area of the 5 section in order to balance potential charges bedielectric medium. The term to express these 90 tween the rotor and stator of each section and to extremes of potential is called the diametrical counterbalance thepotential between adjacent order of applying charges. sections of both the rotor and stator of each sec- Referring to the drawing, Fig. 1 represents two tion. Secondly, to providea spacing device besections of a polycondenser, detachably connected 1o tween adjacent sections of the polycondenser in in respect to each other, having a spacing device a order to create a control onthe induced capacity to regulate capacity between sections by increasand lessen the superimposed capacities in adjaing or decreasing the space between sections as cent sections caused by the proximity of the secthe case may be. The potential on one set ot tions of the polycondenser forming the unit. rotor plates is connected to the potential on the The invention is an improvement over the fil plates composing a stator section of adjacent sec- 10 letted' joint in Fig. 11 of my patent for twotion by dividing the middle end piece into two condensers-inane, Patent 1,608,472. My forparts. mer invention dealt with electric conductors in Fig. 2 is a cross-section view of Figure 1, givthe same area of a dielectric medium. In the inga side view of the spacing device and showing present invention the internal functions of conhow the electrical connections are made between 75 densers is dealt with and improved; A detachthe rotor plates of one section and the stator ably connected spacing device increases the spaee; plates of an adjoining section. between sections or draws the sections closer to- Fig. 3 is a special joint placed on. the spindle gether, causing-a decrease or an increase in the and is a part of the spacing device. Its pur- 26. capacity, respectively. v The capacity can not be pose is to keep the rotor spindles in alignment 50 decreased below that existing between rotor and by means of ridges on the tongue and groove of stator of a section. A capacity greater than that the spacer. existing between rotor and stator of a section The drawing shows apolycondenser having only is undesirable and the Object of the Spacing two sections; but the invention places no limit Vice is to S parate adjacent S c of the D -Y- as to the number of sections that a polycondenser 86 i condenser so as to minimize overlapping of camay h v pacitiesr Further proof h it is the Same area Referring to the drawing by letter, in Fig. 1, S a dielectric medium may be found in the represents the spindle in two sections, detachably tenna' current permeating all Sections of thepoly" connected at the center, each half supporting cendenser- I separate sets of rotor plates A" and insulated 4 he us to which p y d -ma be o from each other at the point of junction. The are likened to the adding machine. By suitable indle can be made to m; t any bearing of synchronous charges and phase charges throug the onventional type and are held in place by the dielectric medium the pick-up and output three-end pieces m t t th extremes d 40 0f the polyeendensel Will be addition, Subtraction, one in the center at the end of a section. These 9 multiplication and division of voltages- With a end plates also form the electrical terminals or polycondenser connected in one type o parallel the rotor plates. The frames or which there circuit the use with the outside circuit is addition, are one for each insulated section of th t another parallel conection gives neutralization or there may be 5 e t each d of th i l t d subt a t Of Charges, and feed-beck and Series sections, hold therotor elements in alignment,

circuits give multiplication and division of volt-. each frame t t d t th d of th r t r ages. These uses are the result of considering t Th frame E" is insulated from the t e p yc s a a single unit/without shio1d stator element of the rotor section to which it is ing between sections. Modern shielding is not the electrically nnected. The lugs L on the rail isolation problem generally conceded, but is the are insulated from t frame 13" and t 106 appl oat f l t i har s thr the frame and lug 11' are riveted together. The electric medium. Shielding condensers is often ti n is extended so as to cover the space c o p d y inserting a plate having the surrounding the rivet in order to insulate the po i y of the rotor plates b e stator 'rivet from the frame. The lugs L" of which tions. Other ways connect the intermediate there may be severalmaybemadebyslots ressed no in the rails. R may be electrically as well as mechanically connected to the stator, there being a separate rail for each section. Each stator is provided with four R. rails, one on each corner; each rail is provided with a slot P near each end. The R rails are U shape for the insertion of insulation strips I, between condenser sections which connect adjacent condenser sections by extending from the rails on one section to the rails on the adjacent section. When the spacing distance between two adjacent condenser sections has been determined, the screws in the insulation strips which pass through the slots in the rails are tightened in order to hold the sections in place. The screws are marked with an X. Y

The end pieces E are hollow frames in order that while given the same potential as the rotor plates they lie nearest to the stator section without affecting to any noticeable degree the potential of the stator which has the opposite sign as the rotor of that section. The portion of the end piece E that is cut out to form the frame E is fastened to the stator of the adjacent section and when the sections are close together the center section will fit into its frame. The panel section E is joined to the left hand section permanently through the fastening with the rails R. The E' panel moves with the left hand section when the position of the nuts N on screw T are altered to vary the spacing between E and E. The capacity of the frame E is negligible. This center section is designated E' and is not needed on the extreme ends. Q

The stator sections ars two in number and the plates comprising them are lettered B. The plates comprising each stator section are separately joined together. In order to form a unit the R rails and insulation strips 1 keep the sections in alignment.

E' represents the movable section of the end piece E. E is fastened to the left stator section, while E the frame is fastened to the right stator section. The movable section and the frame are joined by a threaded screw T.

The cross-section Figure No. 2 is lettered identically as Fig. 1 and further description would be identical. A better view of the joint is had than in Fig. 1, also the end piece at the center is more clearly shown.

An adjustment is made as follows: After the screws in the insulation strip 1 are loosened in the slots P, the nuts N on the thread screw T which is fastened to the end frame E and E', are tightened. There may be two of these, one on each side of the condenser. The movable section of the end frame E' moves forward and fits into the space in the frame E". When the capacity has been adjusted so that the radio set is in tune the screws in the strip I can be tight.- ened in the slots P making the set space between sections permanent. No trimming condenser is required. If the adjustment requires the condenser sections to be drawn apart the same procedure is followed with the exception of the nuts N which are turned in the opposite direction on the threaded screw T.

One end of the spindle S is provided with a prong or tongue V which fits into a groove in the end of the spindle of the adjacent section. The surfaces should be insulated from each other so that no electricity can pass from one section to another. This can be done by having an insulating surface as bakelite covering the metal parts. C holds the condenser plates together in units. The U rails hold the sections together. C represents bolts holding the plates of the stator section together, dividing the stator into sections similar in charact'er to the use made of the insulation between the sections of the rotor. The invention is not limited to the use of bolts but any suitable means for holding the plates together may be used. The plates may also be joined to the rails R. While C" is shown as not connecting E' with the other plates in the section the results are the same if E' is joined by means of 'C as when "E" is joined to rails- R.

Fig. 3 represents another form of groove similar to the joint in Fig. 2, but the materials of which it is composed are. arranged different. A bakelite body screws into the end of the spindle.

The surfaces are reinforced by thin metal covers.

to facilitate contact and permament structure. The grooves for alignment. are on the inner surface of the contact metals.

S represents end of spindle and has a bakelite end piece screwed in containing a groove. The contact surfaces of the groove and the outer surface are reinforced by metal bands M". The bakelite is represented by D". The ridges are shown which facilitate alignment of rotor spindles.

I claim:

1. In a polycondenser consisting of a plurality of condenser sections longitudinally disposed with respect to each other, each of said sections comprising rotor and stator elements forming a rotor and stator unit for each section, said sections being electrically cross-connected by a hollow metal journal frame which is electrically connected to stator of one section and electrically connected to rotor unit of adjacent section, said metal journal frame cooperating with a metal panel also connected to the stator unit of said one section, and forming an element thereof, the spacing between said metal panel and said metal journal frame altered for controlling a secondary capacity formed by said panel and the end stator element of the oppositely charged stator unit of said adjacent section.

2. In a variable polycondenser, consisting of a plurality of condenser sections longitudinally disposed with respect to each other, each of said sections comprising rotor and stator elements forming a rotor and stator unit for 'each section, said sections being electrically cross-connected by a hollow metal journal frame which is electrically connected to stator of one section and electrically connected to rotor unit of adjacent section, said rotor units having a tongue and groove joint on shaft between said units, said tongue moving in said groove commensurate with the movement caused by a threaded screw attachment between said condenser sections, said joint combining metal and insulating materials for insulating adjacent units of said rotor, said stator units provided with U-shaped rails fitted with insulating strips for holding said units together, screws in said insulating strips fitted in slots in said rails as described.

3. In a variable polycondenser, consisting of a plurality of condenser sections longitudinally disposed with respect to each other, each section comprising journal frames at ends thereof for supporting rotor, each of said sections comprising rotor and stator elements forming a rotor and stator unit for each section, said sections being electrically cross-connected by an intermediate metal Journal frame which is electrically connected to stator of one section and electrically connected to-rotor unit of adjacent section, said intermediate frame connected by means of a screw and nut attachment to a plate 01' adjacent stator unit.

4. In a variable polycondenser consisting of a plurality of condenser sections longitudinally disposed witlr respect to each other, one section having a plate-panel connected to stator and adiacent section having a journal frame, each 0! said sections comprising rotor and stator elements forming a rotor and stator unit for each section, said sections being electrically cross-connected by a hollow metal joln'nal frame which is electrically connected to stator of one section and electrically connected to rotor unit of adjacent section, said adjoining rotor units insulatedly and detachably mechanically connected, said adjoining condenser sections having a screw and threaded nut attachment between plate-panel element of said one section and the said journal frame of said element forming end piece 01. 

